Operational Amplifier & Linear Applications: Difference amplifiers, Instrumentation amplifiers, voltage to current converters.

Filters : Second order filter transfer function (low pass, high pass, band pass and band reject) , Butterworth response, 2nd order passive filters (RC, RLC), Emulation of inductor using Transconductors-Capacitors, and opamps-R-C, Salen-Key biquadratic filters, Tow-Thomas biquad, Realization of higher order filters, All-pass filter (active phase shifters).

Non-linear application of opamps : Opamp as a comparator, Schmitt trigger (inverting & non inverting), astable multivibrator, Triangular wave generator, Precision rectifiers.

Non idealities of opamps and their effects: Finite gain, finite bandwidth, Offset voltages and currents, Common-mode rejection ratio, Power supply rejection ratio, Slew rate.

CMOS differential amplifiers: DC analysis and small signal analysis of differential amplifier with Restive load, current mirror load and current source load, Input common-mode range and Common-mode feedback circuits. OTAs vs Opamps. Slew rate, CMRR, PSRR.

Two stage amplifiers, Compensation in amplifiers (Dominant pole compensation).

Introduction to Voltage Controlled Oscillators and Phase Locked Loops

Course Objective:

• To familiarize the students with Opamp based circuits and enable them to design Opamp circuits for various applications.

Course Outcome:

• Students will be able to design and analyze Opamp based circuits at system level and at circuit level.