ntroduction to Boolean Algebra and Switching Functions, Boolean Minimization, Finite State Machines, Design of synchronous FSMs, FSM Minimization, Bipolar Logic Families – TTL, MOS logic families (NMOS and CMOS), and their electrical behaviour. Memory Elements, Timing circuits, Elementary combinational and sequential digital circuits: adders, comparators, shift registers, counters. Logic Implementation using Programmable Devices (ROM, PLA, FPGA).